Immunity to viruses persists for years or for the life of the animal. Successful vaccination to most bacterial pathogens produces an immunologic memory that remains for years." *written by Dr. Tom Phillips DVM, PhD, & Dr. Ronald Schultz PhD, immunologist and Professor/Chairman of the Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin. |
"The practice of annual vaccination in our opinion should be considered of questionable efficacy unless it is used as a mechanism to provide an annual physical examination." |
"We have to change our focus from a yearly vaccination to a yearly physical." |